资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
今年春运抢票软件降温了!多地增设“夜间高铁”****** 春节将至,返乡在即。不少归家心切的游子早早打包好行李,期待着回家过个团圆年。交通运输部的数据显示,预计今年春运期间客流总量约为20.95亿人次,恢复到2019年同期的70.3%。 记者注意到,蛰伏近三年的高铁今年春运期间密集增加车次,不少热门线路不仅高峰时段最小发车间隔不到十分钟,运营时间也延伸至深夜。运力增长叠加客流相对减少,今年春运的火车票紧俏程度不及疫情前的年份。 “居然没用抢票软件就搞定了往返车票,太开心了!”“终于不用发动亲朋好友帮我买助力加油包抢车票。”网友们在社交媒体上的分享显示,今年春运抢票软件的热度明显下滑。 错峰出行 热门线路仍可买到票 “3年没回家过年了,今年早早就抢票准备提前几天回家,多陪陪家人。”1月15日,在北京南站,王女士正拎着一个牛津布包,推着黑色行李箱一路小跑进站。“我老家在南京,来北京工作快7年了。”王女士早早就定好闹钟,盯着买票日期,在第一时间顺利地买到了回家并且靠窗的高铁票。“让我意外的是,订完票过了3天我再看的时候,发现平台上仍有余票在售。”王女士说。 北京南站春运期间客流流向主要集中在济南、青岛、合肥、南京、上海等地。昨天,记者查询了北京至上述城市的次日高铁票情况,发现均有余票,剩余高铁票较多的班次通常集中在上午10点之前,以及晚间较晚时段。旅客只要选择错峰出行,仍可顺利买到回家的票。 北京丰台站也首次迎来春运“大考”。“这是第一次从丰台站坐车回家,票很好买。”将搭乘高铁从北京回太原的张先生告诉记者。据铁路部门统计,春运期间将会有约93.6万人从这里出发,主要方向是太原、运城以及阜阳等方向。丰台站启用,也有效缓解了北京站和北京西站的客流压力。 运力增加 多地增设“夜间高铁” 随着高铁网不断延展,铁路客运能力正加快释放。 国铁集团客运部主任黄欣在今年的春运服务保障发布会上表示,节前,全国铁路高峰日最高可开行旅客列车6077对,客座定员904万人;节后,高峰日最高可开行旅客列车6107对,客座定员914万人;最大客座能力比2019年春运增长11%。高铁运力的显著增长,是“票更好买”的根本原因。 不少旅客都感受到了长途高铁列车接近公交的开行密度。旅客周先生说,他打算春节回青岛探亲,发现每日到青岛的高铁足足有20多趟,而且几乎都有余票。因此,他还将上周日已经提前预订好的1月18日车票取消,在1月17日下午两点多临时改签,重新订了一张当天下午5点多的高铁票。“车次多了,票也好买了,各个时间段都有,当天下班就能回家!”周先生说。 记者查询12306发现,北京至长沙的高铁列车,7点至8点就有5趟可选,最小发车间隔8分钟;10点至11点有4趟列车,最小发车间隔5分钟。不少热门线路均开通了“夜间高铁”来应对返乡高峰,如北京到武汉、哈尔滨、石家庄、郑州等地。以北京至哈尔滨为例,凌晨3:47至5:30有三趟高铁可供选择;北京至郑州,从凌晨0:53至6:15有12趟列车可供选择。国铁武汉局表示,节前从1月13日至1月21日,计划加开200趟“夜间高铁”缓解节前春运压力。 出行半径扩大 中长线度假需求回归 除了返乡过年外,不少人还打算在春节假期和家人相伴外出旅游。交通运输部的数据显示,春节期间预计探亲流约占春运客流的55%,务工流约占24%,旅游和商旅出行约占10%。 对于一些热门旅游城市,返乡探亲叠加旅游出行,高铁票依然抢手。“上周,我查询了北京至桂林的高铁票,发现春节前几天的票已经卖光了。”准备假期带着家人去桂林旅游过年的胡女士说。 根据同程旅行发布的《2023春节假期旅游消费趋势报告》,今年春节期间出行需求大幅上涨,中长线休闲度假需求快速回归,春运开启前一周,国内长线度假游产品咨询量同比上涨近20倍,春节前签证咨询量同比上涨8倍。 去哪儿平台数据也显示,2023年春节期间,铁路出行平均半径同比增长六成。同时,从酒店数据来看,春节期间连住天数大于3天的订单量同比增长两成,临近假期仍将继续增长。去哪儿大数据研究院副院长郭乐春认为,这些信号意味着,消费信心正在恢复,旅游业向着积极方向前进。“春节回暖是一个好的开始,我们有信心在暑期恢复到疫情前水平。” 记者 鹿杨 实习记者 夏骅 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |